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Anti-inflammatory drugs

Anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly NSAIDs, are commonly used in orthopaedics to manage pain and inflammation, but they carry risks related to gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular systems.

  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit COX enzymes and reduce prostaglandin synthesis.

  • COX-1 inhibition affects platelet function and gastric mucosa.

  • COX-2 selective inhibitors have fewer GI side effects but may increase cardiovascular risks.

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