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< Back Dr. Kayahan KARAYTUG Robotic Assisted UKA Robotic unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (R-UKA) is an evolution of traditional unicompartmental knee replacement, developed to improve component accuracy, reduce outliers, and enhance short-term recovery. It is indicated for isolated medial or lateral compartment osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence grade IV) when the remaining compartments are intact. 💡 Approximately 20% of knee OA cases are unicompartmental — most involve the medial side. Robotic Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (R-UKA) Why Robotics? Conventional UKA is highly technique-sensitive ; even 2–3° of malalignment can shorten implant life. Robotic systems minimize this variability by integrating preoperative imaging, 3-D planning, and intra-operative feedback, allowing precise bone preparation and implant positioning. 💡 Accuracy translates to reproducibility and potentially longer survivorship. Robotic Platforms Common systems: MAKO (Stryker, NJ, USA) – most extensively validated Cuvis Joint ( Meril, India) NAVIO / CORI® (Smith & Nephew, MN, USA) ACROBOT (UK) Systems are categorized as passive (navigational), semi-active , or active , depending on the degree of robotic autonomy. Accuracy & Alignment R-UKA achieves superior coronal and sagittal alignment compared to manual UKA. Tibial slope variation and component overhang are significantly reduced. Fewer alignment deviations >2° are reported. Improved restoration of joint line and mechanical axis alignment. 💡 Most alignment-related failures seen in conventional UKA are rare in robotic surgery. Functional & Clinical Outcomes Early postoperative pain and opioid use are reduced . Faster return to daily activities and physiotherapy. Improved early range of motion and hospital discharge time. At 1-year, gait studies show more physiological motion patterns during stance phase. Mid-term outcomes (2–5 years) are comparable to conventional UKA in survivorship. 💡 Robotic precision benefits early recovery, but long-term differences remain under investigation. Implant Survivorship Short- to mid-term survival rates: ≈98–99% at 2–3 years. Failures in robotic series are rarely due to malalignment — mostly aseptic loosening or progression of arthritis in untreated compartments. Long-term (>10 years) data are still limited. 💡 Accuracy may delay mechanical failure but cannot prevent disease progression. Limitations & Considerations Higher cost and longer setup time. Requires specific training and case volume to justify system investment. Outcomes depend on surgeon experience, platform type, and patient selection. Clinical Pearls Ideal candidates: isolated unicompartmental OA, intact cruciate ligaments, correctable deformity, BMI < 35. Avoid in: inflammatory arthritis, tricompartmental OA, fixed deformity > 15°, severe bone loss. Precision ≠ Perfection: robotic systems guide, but do not replace, surgical judgment. Integration with AI-based planning and patient-specific implants will likely define the next generation of R-UKA. Summary Robotic UKA enhances surgical precision, reproducibility, and early functional recovery compared to conventional techniques. While radiographic and short-term clinical outcomes are consistently superior, long-term survivorship equivalence underscores the importance of patient selection, surgical skill, and individualized alignment goals . References Cobb JP et al. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2006;88-B:188–197. Cool CL et al. J Arthroplasty. 2023;38(4):754–763. Herry Y et al. Bone Joint J. 2022;104-B:325–333. Bell SW et al. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2021;29:1001–1012. Pandit H et al. J Arthroplasty. 2020;35:S15–S22. Previous Next

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< Back Dr. Niyazi IGDE Education 2006 – 2012 : Selçuk University, Meram Faculty of Medicine — Medical Education 2013 – 2019 : Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital — Residency in Orthopaedics and Traumatology Professional Interests Special interest in Orthopaedic Oncology https://www.leventhastanesi.com.tr/op-dr-niyazi-igde/ Oncologic Orthopaedics Previous Next

< Back Dr. Krishna A. Reddy Consultant Orthopaedic Oncologist, M.S., FRCS (Trauma & Orthopaedics) Current Institution: Vanderbilt University Medical Center (USA) / Formerly Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham (UK) Location: Nashville, Tennessee, USA Professional Summary Dr. Krishna Reddy is an orthopaedic surgeon with extensive international experience in musculoskeletal oncology, sports medicine, and reconstructive orthopaedics . He completed his orthopaedic residency in India and moved to the United Kingdom in 2002, where he became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (Trauma & Orthopaedics) . He received advanced Orthopaedic Oncology training at the renowned Royal Orthopaedic Hospital in Birmingham and later pursued fellowships at Vanderbilt University (Orthopaedic Oncology) and the University of Cincinnati (Sports Medicine) . Dr. Reddy has contributed to numerous peer-reviewed publications and international presentations , focusing on limb-salvage surgery, sarcoma reconstruction, and long-term functional outcomes. Oncologic Orthopaedics reddykh@ucmail.uc.edu Previous Next

< Back Alper DUNKI Articular Cartilage Articular cartilage is a specialised connective tissue covering joint surfaces, providing a low-friction, load-bearing interface essential for joint motion and integrity. Structure and Composition: Composed of chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) of collagen (mainly type II) , proteoglycans , and water (up to 80%). Organised into four histological zones: Superficial (Tangential) Zone – flat chondrocytes, high collagen, resist shear Middle (Transitional) Zone – rounder chondrocytes, high proteoglycans Deep Zone – vertical collagen fibres, resist compressive forces Calcified Zone – anchors cartilage to subchondral bone Functions: Provides smooth articulation and shock absorption Distributes mechanical loads across the joint Lacks blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves → limited intrinsic repair capacity Biomechanical Properties: Viscoelastic behaviour due to proteoglycan-water interaction Maintains joint congruity and lubrication Damage leads to increased friction and joint degeneration Injury and Degeneration: Can occur due to trauma , overuse , or inflammatory conditions Partial-thickness defects often do not heal Full-thickness defects may undergo limited fibrocartilage repair Assessment Modalities: MRI with cartilage-sensitive sequences (e.g., dGEMRIC, T2 mapping) Arthroscopy provides direct visualisation Scoring systems : Outerbridge classification, ICRS grading Repair Techniques: Microfracture : promotes fibrocartilage repair Osteochondral autograft/allograft transplantation Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) Matrix-assisted ACI (MACI) Biologic adjuncts (e.g., PRP, stem cells) under research Orthopaedic Relevance: Central to sports injuries , osteoarthritis , and joint preservation surgery Success of cartilage procedures depends on patient age , defect size , and mechanical alignment Previous Next

< Back Reconstructive Ladder reconstructive-ladder Previous Next

< Back Pediatric Infections (Septic Arthritis, Osteomyelitis) pediatric-infections-septic-arthritis-osteomyelitis Previous Next

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