Core Orthopedic Topics
Comprehensive topic summaries covering anatomy, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment across all orthopedic specialties.
230 topics published
Browse Topics →Surgical Guide
Step-by-step surgical technique guides with approaches, positioning, tips, and pearls from experienced surgeons.
Browse Guides →Literature Updates
Curated reviews and summaries of landmark studies and recent publications in orthopedic surgery.
12 updates published
Browse Updates →Browse by Specialty
Explore orthopedic specialties with full topic hierarchies
Trauma
Fractures, dislocations, and acute injuries
Spine
Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine conditions
Shoulder & Elbow
Shoulder and elbow pathology and surgery
Knee & Sports
Knee injuries and sports medicine
Pediatrics
Musculoskeletal conditions in children
Arthroplasty
Hip, knee, and shoulder arthroplasty
Hand
Hand, wrist, and forearm conditions
Foot & Ankle
Foot and ankle pathology and treatment
Musculoskeletal Oncology
Musculoskeletal tumors and malignancies
Basic Science
Fundamental orthopedic science
Orthoplastic Approach
Orthoplastic surgery techniques and approaches
Deformity Correction & Limb Lengthening
Deformity correction, limb lengthening, and reconstruction
Recent Topics
View All →Extensor Mechanism Ruptures
Anatomy & Biomechanics
The human spine is a complex, segmented column providing both mobility and stability for the body. It consists of 33 vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacral, and 4 fused coccygeal segments. These vertebrae are interconnected through discs, ligaments, and muscles, forming a biomechanically dynamic structure that supports axial load, enables movement, and protects the spinal cord. Each vertebra comprises a vertebral body and a posterior arch. The body, primarily cancellous bone, functions as the main weight-bearing element. The posterior arch, composed mainly of cortical bone, includes pedicles, laminae, and spinous and transverse processes, which provide attachment points for ligaments and muscles. Between adjacent vertebral bodies lie the intervertebral discs, acting as flexible cushions that absorb compressive forces while allowing controlled motion.
Imaging in Orthopaedics
Myths and Misconceptions in Arthroplasty
Despite rapid advances in implant design, navigation, and perioperative protocols, arthroplasty surgery remains surrounded by persistent misconceptions — many of which influence both surgeon behavior and patient expectations. Understanding and debunking these myths is essential for evidence-based orthopaedic care.
Robotic Assisted UKA
Robotic unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (R-UKA) is an evolution of traditional unicompartmental knee replacement, developed to improve component accuracy, reduce outliers, and enhance short-term recovery. It is indicated for isolated medial or lateral compartment osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence grade IV) when the remaining compartments are intact. Approximately 20% of knee OA cases are unicompartmental — most involve the medial side.
Patellofemoral Arthroplasty
Recent Literature Updates
View All →Optimal Tightrope Positioning for Adequate Syndesmotic Stabilization in Simulated Syndesmotic Injuries
Foot Ankle Orthop. 2025 Jun 19;10(2):24730114251342243. doi: 10.1177/24730114251342243. eCollection 2025 Apr. Optimal Tightrope Positioning for Adequate Syndesmotic Stabilization in Simulated Syndesmotic Injuries Mark A Goss et al.
Alignment Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Journal of Joint Surgery and Research (2023), Vol 1: 108–116, Yukihide Minoda
Quality of Life and Outcomes After Treatment Failure for Recurrent PJI of TKA
J Arthroplasty. 2026 May;41(5):1495-1501. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.08.017. Epub 2025 Aug 19. Quality of Life and Outcomes After Treatment Failure for Recurrent Periprosthetic Joint Infection of Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Retrospective Comparison of Transfemoral Amputation, Arthrodesis, and Permanent Spacer Romain Huguet et al.